Light Intervention Vessel (LIV)

A light intervention vessel (LIV) is a type of ship that is specifically designed to support light subsea operations such as well intervention, maintenance and repair, and construction activities. It typically has a large deck area for cargo and equipment, a moonpool, and a dynamic positioning system that allows the vessel to maintain its position in relation to a subsea structure. It is also equipped with a subsea crane and/or ROV (Remotely operated vehicle) launch and recovery systems. The accommodation quarters for crew and passengers are also available.

The typical light intervention vessel has several key components, including: • The hull: The hull of a light intervention vessel is the watertight bottom and sides of the ship that are designed to float and keep the ship stable. It is typically made of steel or aluminum and is designed to be able to withstand the loads and stresses that are applied to it. • The deck: The deck of a light intervention vessel is the flat top surface of the ship that is designed to support cargo, equipment, and personnel. It is typically made of steel or aluminum and is designed to be able to withstand the loads and stresses that are applied to it. • The moonpool: The moonpool of a light intervention vessel is an opening in the ship's hull that allows ROVs and other subsea equipment to be launched and recovered. It is typically made of steel or aluminum and is designed to be able to withstand the pressure of the water at depth. • The dynamic positioning system: The dynamic positioning system of a light intervention vessel is the component that allows the vessel to maintain its position in relation to a subsea structure. It typically consists of a combination of thrusters, propellers, and sensors that are controlled by a computer system. • The subsea crane and/or ROV launch and recovery system: The subsea crane and/or ROV launch and recovery system of a light intervention vessel is the component that is used to launch and recover ROVs and other subsea equipment. It is typically made of steel or aluminum and is designed to be able to lift heavy loads and to rotate in multiple directions.

The engineering specifications for a light intervention vessel are: • Length range: typically from 100 to 250 ft • Gross tonnage range: typically from 500 to 10,000 • Speed range: typically from 10 to 15 knots • Deadweight tonnage range: typically from 1,000 to 10,000 • Standard: ABS (American Bureau of Shipping) or DNV GL (Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd)

A light intervention vessel (LIV) is a type of ship that is specifically designed to support light subsea operations such as well intervention, maintenance and repair, and construction activities. It is typically equipped with a large deck area, a moonpool, and a dynamic positioning system. LIVs are known for their power, durability, and efficiency. They are designed to be able to withstand the loads and stresses that are applied to them and to resist wear and tear and corrosion over time. They are also equipped with safety features such as fire-fighting systems, lifeboats, and emergency generator to ensure the safety of the crew and passengers. With the use of advanced technology, such as dynamic positioning systems and ROVs, these vessels can be operated more safely and efficiently.

Crew Bus Crew buses are vehicles that are used to transport personnel, typically oil and gas industry workers, to and from offshore platforms, drilling sites or other remote locations. They are designed to be both durable and comfortable, with a range of features that make them well-suited for use in the oil and gas industry.

The Use of Bulldozers in Different Projects What is a Bulldozer? Bulldozer is a heavy earth moving equipment that is used in industries and grading applications, including construction, mining, demolition, landscaping, oil and gas fields, and agriculture work. The Bulldozer pushing numerous quantities of materials such as snow, soil, rubble, debris and release materials. Which one is most commonly used in the industry? In the oil and gas industry, the most commonly used bulldozers are typically Caterpillar models, particularly the Caterpillar D6, D8 and D9. These are favored due to their power, durability, and ability to handle the rugged terrain often found in oil and gas fields. Caterpillar D6, is a well-known and widely used model, though it is generally considered a medium-sized bulldozer compared to the D8 and D9 models. The D6 can be used for tasks like grading, trenching, and maintaining access roads. Caterpillar D8: Known for its versatility and balance between power and maneuverability. It's used in a wide range of applications, including road building, land clearing, and site preparation in oil and gas fields. Caterpillar D9: This is a larger, more powerful model used for more demanding tasks, such as pushing large volumes of earth or rock. It's particularly useful in tougher environments where heavy-duty work is required.

Frac'ing Basic Hydraulic fracturing, or frac'ing is an effective mans of increasing recovery and production rate from an oil and gas well. This stimulation technique is used to increase the area oil and gas has to flow into a wellbore. Small diameter wells naturally become a choke point for fluid fow and by hydraulically fracturing the rock around the well, a more effective flow path can be opened up. The rock containing oil and gas is split (fractured) by applying hydraulic pressure. The pressure applied is high enough to exceed the tensile strength of the rock matrix, creating cracks in the rock. Fluid is also lost into the natural permeability of the rock and a viscous gel is used to reduce these losses. The fluid pressure and rate used to fracture the rock is accomplished by the use of pumps at surface. A well typically only requires one hydraulic fracturing treatment, so the pumping equipment is mobile and can be transported from well to well. In conventional frac'ing, the strength of the caprock (overlying geologic layers) and well construction (the steel and cement used in drilling the well) keeps the frac contained in the target zone. This is an important design consideration so the reservoir fluids stay in the original geologic horizon and don't leak off (into groundwater, for example).

Sources list:
Image from https://www.expro.com/products-services/subsea/light-well-intervention-vessel
Image from https://www.maersksupplyservice.com/portfolio-items/angola-light-well-intervention-campai

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